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Person · Tribe of Levi

Moses

Levite living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness

Moses was a prophet whom God used to lead Israel out of slavery in Egypt and give them the law.

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Also known as Manasseh

Moses was born to Amram and Jochebed, Levites in Egypt, at a time when Pharaoh had commanded that all Hebrew male infants be killed (Exo.2.1-2). His mother hid him for three months, then placed him in a basket on the Nile where Pharaoh's daughter found and adopted him (Exo.2.3-10). As an adult, Moses killed an Egyptian who was beating a Hebrew and fled to Midian (Exo.2.11-15). There he married Zipporah and worked as a shepherd for his father-in-law Jethro (Exo.2.16-22).

God appeared to Moses in a burning bush and called him to lead Israel out of Egypt (Exodus 3-4). Moses, along with his brother Aaron, went to Pharaoh demanding that he let Israel go (Exo.5.1). Through a series of ten plagues, God compelled Pharaoh to release the Israelites (Exodus 7-12). Moses led them out of Egypt, through the Red Sea, and to Mount Sinai (Exodus 13-19). There God gave Moses the law and instructions for the tabernacle (Exodus 20-31).

While Moses was on the mountain, Israel made and worshiped a golden calf (Exodus 32). Moses interceded for the people and God relented from destroying them (Exodus 32-34). Moses oversaw the construction of the tabernacle (Exodus 35-40). He led Israel for forty years in the wilderness, mediating between them and God (Numbers, Deuteronomy). God prohibited Moses from entering Canaan because of his disobedience at Meribah (Num.20.1-13). Before his death, Moses viewed the promised land from Mount Nebo (Deu.34.1-4). He died at 120 years old and was buried by God (Deu.34.5-8).

The New Testament refers to Moses as the giver of the law (Jhn.1.17), a type of Christ (Jhn.3.14), and the greatest prophet of the old covenant (Act.3.22-23).

He is named "Manasseh" in several manuscripts of Judges 18.30 to save shaming his name when his grandson set up an idol.

Family

Father
Amram
Mother
Jochebed
Siblings
AaronMiriam
Spouse or partner
Zipporah

Connections

Part of: Moses and his circle

Moses, Aaron and Miriam: a Levite sibling trio

FamilyStated in the text

The children of Amram and Jochebed, of the clan of Kohath in the tribe of Levi. Aaron was the elder brother; Miriam the sister (probably the one who watched the baby Moses in the Nile). Miriam is called prophetess; Aaron became the first high priest.

Where the text shows it: Exod 6:20 — Amram and Jochebed bear Aaron and MosesNum 26:59 — Jochebed bore Aaron, Moses and MiriamExod 15:20 — Miriam the prophetessExod 2:4 — Sister watching the baby; Miriam is not named here
Ways people read this (1)
  • The identification of the watching sister in Exodus 2 with Miriam is the standard reading but rests on inference.

Sources: Exod 6:20 · Num 26:59

Miriam and Aaron challenge Moses

FamilyStated in the text

Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses over his Cushite wife and asked whether the LORD spoke only through him. God affirmed Moses' unique role; Miriam was struck with skin disease and healed after Moses interceded and a seven-day exclusion.

Where the text shows it: Num 12:1-2 — The complaintNum 12:6-8 — God affirms MosesNum 12:10-15 — Miriam's affliction and restoration

Sources: Num 12:1-2 · Num 12:6-8 · Num 12:10-15

Aaron as Moses' spokesman and priest

FamilyStated in the text

Moses, who protested he was slow of speech, was given Aaron as mouthpiece before Pharaoh. Later Aaron was consecrated high priest, making the brothers prophet and priest, but Aaron also failed at the golden calf.

Where the text shows it: Exod 4:14-16 — Aaron to speak for MosesExod 7:1-2 — "Aaron your brother shall be your prophet"Exod 28:1 — Aaron and his sons set apart as priestsExod 32:1-6 — Aaron and the golden calf

Sources: Exod 4:14-16 · Exod 7:1-2 · Exod 28:1 · Exod 32:1-6

Jethro and Moses: father-in-law and adviser

FamilyStated in the text

Moses fled to Midian, married Jethro's daughter Zipporah, and tended his flock. After the Exodus Jethro visited, offered sacrifices, and advised Moses to delegate judging to capable men, the basis of Israel's tiered judiciary. He is called Reuel and Jethro, and Moses' brother-in-law Hobab is also named.

Where the text shows it: Exod 2:16-21 — Moses marries Zipporah, daughter of the priest of MidianExod 18:1-12 — Jethro visits, blesses God and sacrificesExod 18:13-26 — Jethro's judicial adviceNum 10:29 — Hobab, Moses' relative by marriage

Sources: Exod 2:16-21 · Exod 18:1-12 · Exod 18:13-26 · Num 10:29

Moses mentors Joshua

Teacher & studentStated in the text

Joshua son of Nun was Moses' attendant, led Israel's first battle against Amalek, accompanied Moses up Sinai, and after the spy episode was commissioned by laying on of hands as Moses' successor. The book of Joshua opens with him as "Moses' assistant".

Where the text shows it: Exod 17:9-13 — Joshua fights AmalekExod 24:13 — Joshua ascends with MosesNum 27:18-23 — Joshua commissionedJosh 1:1 — Joshua, Moses' assistant

Sources: Exod 17:9-13 · Exod 24:13 · Num 27:18-23 · Josh 1:1

Korah and Moses: cousins in rebellion

FamilyStated in the text

Korah son of Izhar and Moses and Aaron sons of Amram were first cousins, both grandsons of Kohath. Korah challenged Moses and Aaron's exclusive leadership together with Dathan and Abiram of Reuben; the ground swallowed the rebels. Korah's sons did not die, and the "sons of Korah" later appear as temple singers.

Where the text shows it: Exod 6:18-21 — Kohath fathered Amram and Izhar; Izhar fathered KorahNum 16:1-3 — Korah, Dathan and Abiram challenge Moses and AaronNum 16:31-35 — The earth swallows the rebels; fire consumes 250Num 26:10-11 — Korah's sons did not die

Sources: Exod 6:18-21 · Num 16:1-3 · Num 16:31-35 · Num 26:10-11

A Levite and two Reubenites: the combined rebellion

RoleDebated

Korah's complaint was priestly (why only Aaron?); Dathan and Abiram of Reuben complained about Moses' civil leadership. Numbers 16 merges two grievances, and the Reubenites' bitterness may reflect Reuben's lost firstborn status.

Where the text shows it: Num 16:1 — The four leaders namedNum 16:12-14 — Dathan and Abiram refuse to come upNum 16:8-11 — Moses addresses Korah's priestly claim
Ways people read this (3)
  • Source-critical scholars often see two originally separate rebellions combined in Num 16.
  • Traditional readings treat the account as one event with a single coalition.
  • The Reubenite motive is an inference, not stated in the text.

Sources: Num 16:1 · Num 16:12-14 · Num 16:8-11

Bezalel and Oholiab: the tabernacle craftsmen

WorkStated in the text

God filled Bezalel (of Judah) and Oholiab (of Dan) with skill and Spirit to build the tabernacle, the two tribes of Leah's line and Bilhah's line cooperating. Bezalel is the first person in the Bible said to be filled with the Spirit of God.

Where the text shows it: Exod 31:1-6 — Bezalel and Oholiab appointedExod 35:30-35 — Filled with the Spirit; all craftsmen work under themExod 38:22-23 — Bezalel made everything the LORD commanded Moses

Sources: Exod 31:1-6 · Exod 35:30-35 · Exod 38:22-23

Bezalel, Uri and Hur: a Judahite craftsman from Moses' companion

FamilyStated in the text

Bezalel was son of Uri son of Hur of Judah. Hur stood with Aaron to hold up Moses' hands in the battle against Amalek, and was left in charge of the people with Aaron when Moses was on Sinai.

Where the text shows it: Exod 31:2 — Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of JudahExod 17:10-12 — Hur and Aaron hold up Moses' handsExod 24:14 — Aaron and Hur left in charge1 Chr 2:19-20 — Hur in the line of Caleb

Sources: Exod 31:2 · Exod 17:10-12 · Exod 24:14 · 1 Chr 2:19-20

Moses, Aaron and the golden calf

RoleStated in the text

While Moses was on Sinai, the people asked Aaron for gods; he made a calf. Moses confronted him; Aaron's defence blamed the people. Moses' intercession spared Aaron (Deut 9:20); the Levites stood with Moses.

Where the text shows it: Exod 32:1-6 — The calfExod 32:21-24 — Moses confronts AaronDeut 9:20 — Moses prays for Aaron

Sources: Exod 32:1-6 · Exod 32:21-24 · Deut 9:20

Bible dictionary

Moses Easton Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)

Drawn (or Egypt. mesu, “son;” hence Rameses, royal son). On the invitation of Pharaoh (Gen. 45:17-25), Jacob and his sons went down into Egypt. This immigration took place probably about 350 years before the birth of Moses. Some centuries before Joseph, Egypt had been conquered by a pastoral Semitic race from Asia, the Hyksos, who brought into cruel subjection the native Egyptians, who were an African race. Jacob and his retinue were accustomed to a shepherd’s life, and on their arrival in Egypt were received with favour by the king, who assigned them the “best of the land”, the land of Goshen, to dwell in. The Hyksos or “shepherd” king who thus showed favour to Joseph and his family was in all probability the Pharaoh Apopi (or Apopis). Thus favoured, the Israelites began to “multiply exceedingly” (Gen. 47:27), and extended to the west and south. At length the supremacy of the Hyksos came to an end. The descendants of Jacob were allowed to retain their possession of Goshen undisturbed, but after the death of Joseph their position was not so favourable. The Egyptians began to despise them, and the period of their “affliction” (Gen. 15:13) commenced. They were sorely oppressed. They continued, however, to increase in numbers, and “the land was filled with them” (Ex. 1:7). The native Egyptians regarded them with suspicion, so that they felt all the hardship of a struggle for existence. In process of time “a king [probably Seti I.] arose who knew not Joseph” (Ex. 1:8). (See PHARAOH.) The circumstances of the country were such that this king thought it necessary to weaken his Israelite subjects by oppressing them, and by degrees reducing their number. They were accordingly made public slaves, and were employed in connection with his numerous buildings, especially in the…

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Moses Smith Smith’s Bible Dictionary (1863)

(Heb. Mosheh, “drawn,” i.e. from the water; in the Coptic it means “saved from the water”), the legislator of the Jewish people, and in a certain sense the founder of the Jewish religion. The immediate pedigree of Moses is as follows: Levi was the father of: Gershon— Kohath— Merari Kohath was the father of: Amram = Jochebed Amram = Jochebed was the father of: Hur = Miriam— Aaron = Elisheba— Moses = Zipporah Aaron = Elisheba was the father of: Nadab— Abihu— Eleazar— Ithamar Eleazar was the father of: Phineas Moses = Zipporah was the father of: Gershom— Eliezer Gershom was the father of: Jonathan The history of Moses naturally divides itself into three periods of 40 years each. Moses was born at Goshen, In Egypt, B.C. 1571. The story of his birth is thoroughly Egyptian in its scene. His mother made extraordinary efforts for his preservation from the general destruction of the male children of Israel. For three months the child was concealed in the house. Then his mother placed him in a small boat or basket of papyrus, closed against the water by bitumen. This was placed among the aquatic vegetation by the side of one of the canals of the Nile. The sister lingered to watch her brother’s fate. The Egyptian princess, who, tradition says, was a childless wife, came down to bathe in the sacred river. Her attendant slaves followed her. She saw the basket in the flags, and despatched divers, who brought it. It was opened, and the cry of the child moved the princess to compassion. She determined to rear it as her own. The sister was at hand to recommend a Hebrew nurse, the child’s own mother. here was the first part of Moses’ training,—a training at home in the true religion, in faith in God, in the promises to his nation, in the life of a saint,—a training which he never…

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Moses Hitchcock Hitchcock’s Bible Names Dictionary (1869)

taken out; drawn forth

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Moses Hastings Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible (1898)

MOS'ES (Heb. Mosheh, *drawn out - i.e. of the water; Coptic Mo-use, watersaved), the leader and creator of the Jewish nation. This table shows the pedigree of Moses: His life falls naturally into three divisions, of forty years each, according to the account preserved in Stephen's speech. Acts 7:23, 1 Kgs 20:30, Eze 23:36. Moses was born in the dark hour of Hebrew story when a son was an object of the murderous search of the Egyptian spies. His father was Amram, his mother Jochebed, his tribe was Levi, and this fact may have determined the choice of Levi for the priesthood. Moses was the youngest child of the family; Miriam was the oldest, and Aaron came between. For three months his parents hid the babe, but at last it was no longer possible, and Jochebed, with a trembling heart, but it may be with a dim consciousness that God had great things in store for him, laid him in the little basket of papyrus she had deftly woven, pitched with bitumen within and without, and, carrying it down to the brink of one of the canals of the Nile, she hid it among the flags. The child was tenderly watched "afar off" by Miriam, who, less open to suspicion than the mother would be, stood to see what would be done to him. The daughter of the Pharaoh, the oppressor, came to the sacred river to bathe, attended by her maidens, who, surprised to find the basket, which had providentially floated down to the princess' bathing-place - or had Jochebed purposely put it there? - call the attention of their mistress to the discovery. The basket is fetched by one of them, and when opened a little babe, evidently one of the Hebrews' children, but exceedingly fair, is revealed to view. The woman-heart of the princess, who was a childless wife according to tradition, yearned over the little one. Her…

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Moses Schaff Schaff’s Dictionary of the Bible

MOS'ES (Heb. Mosheh, *drawn out - i.e. of the water; Coptic Mo-use, watersaved), the leader and creator of the Jewish nation. This table shows the pedigree of Moses: His life falls naturally into three divisions, of forty years each, according to the account preserved in Stephen's speech. Acts 7:23, 1 Kgs 20:30, Eze 23:36. Moses was born in the dark hour of Hebrew story when a son was an object of the murderous search of the Egyptian spies. His father was Amram, his mother Jochebed, his tribe was Levi, and this fact may have determined the choice of Levi for the priesthood. Moses was the youngest child of the family; Miriam was the oldest, and Aaron came between. For three months his parents hid the babe, but at last it was no longer possible, and Jochebed, with a trembling heart, but it may be with a dim consciousness that God had great things in store for him, laid him in the little basket of papyrus she had deftly woven, pitched with bitumen within and without, and, carrying it down to the brink of one of the canals of the Nile, she hid it among the flags. The child was tenderly watched "afar off" by Miriam, who, less open to suspicion than the mother would be, stood to see what would be done to him. The daughter of the Pharaoh, the oppressor, came to the sacred river to bathe, attended by her maidens, who, surprised to find the basket, which had providentially floated down to the princess' bathing-place - or had Jochebed purposely put it there? - call the attention of their mistress to the discovery. The basket is fetched by one of them, and when opened a little babe, evidently one of the Hebrews' children, but exceedingly fair, is revealed to view. The woman-heart of the princess, who was a childless wife according to tradition, yearned over the little one. Her…

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Easton (1897), Smith (1863), Hitchcock (1869), Hastings (1898) and Schaff are in the public domain. Parsed text: neuu-org/bible-dictionary-dataset (CC BY 4.0). Headwords and whitespace normalised for this site.

Where Moses appears

786 verses in 31 books · English text: BSB (change it from the menu at the top) · Strong’s H4872

Exodus261
Leviticus80
Numbers216
Deuteronomy35
Joshua51
Judges5
1 Samuel2
1 Kings4
2 Kings6
1 Chronicles9
2 Chronicles12
Ezra3
Nehemiah7
Psalms8
Isaiah2
Jeremiah1
Daniel2
Micah1
Malachi1
Matthew7
Mark8
Luke10
John12
Acts20
Romans4
1 Corinthians2
2 Corinthians3
2 Timothy1
Hebrews11
Jude1
Revelation1

Names, family links and references: STEPBible TIPNR (Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Short descriptions were drafted with AI assistance by STEPBible. Family links follow STEPBible’s scholarly decisions where genealogies are ambiguous.