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Person · Tribe of Judah

Josiah

King living at the time of Divided Monarchy

Josiah was a king of Judah who instituted significant religious reforms and repaired the temple.

🗺 Places mentioned alongside Josiah on the map →

Also known as Josias

Josiah was a king of Judah who reigned from approximately 640 to 609 BC. He was the son of Amon and the grandson of Manasseh (2Ki.21.24, 26; 1Ch.3.14). Josiah became king at the age of eight and reigned for thirty-one years in Jerusalem (2Ki.22.1; 2Ch.34.1).

Josiah is best known for his religious reforms and his commitment to following the Law of the Lord. In the eighteenth year of his reign, Josiah initiated repairs to the temple (2Ki.22.3-7; 2Ch.34.8-13). During these repairs, the Book of the Law was discovered (2Ki.22.8-13; 2Ch.34.14-21). Upon hearing the words of the Law, Josiah tore his clothes in repentance and sought the guidance of the prophetess Huldah (2Ki.22.11-20; 2Ch.34.22-28).

Josiah then led a comprehensive religious reform, removing pagan worship sites, idols, and practices from Judah and Jerusalem (2Ki.23.1-25; 2Ch.34.29-35:19). He renewed the covenant between the people and God and celebrated the Passover with great dedication (2Ki.23.21-23; 2Ch.35.1-19).

Josiah's reign and reforms were praised by the prophets, including Jeremiah and Zephaniah (Jer.1.2; 3.6; 22.11, 18; 25.1, 3; 26.1; 35.1; 36.1-2, 9; Zep.1.1). However, Josiah's life came to a tragic end when he confronted Pharaoh Necho of Egypt at Megiddo and was killed in battle (2Ki.23.29-30; 2Ch.35.20-27). He was succeeded by his son Jehoahaz (2Ki.23.30; 2Ch.36.1).

Despite the reforms Josiah implemented, Judah's unfaithfulness persisted, and the nation ultimately faced the Babylonian exile (2Ki.23.26-27; Jer.25.1-14). Nonetheless, Josiah is remembered as a righteous king who sought to turn the nation back to God.

Family

Father
Amon
Mother
Jedidah
Spouses and partners
HamutalZebidaha wife of Josiah

Connections

Part of: Kings, prophets and the house of David · Last kings of Judah and the prophets of the exile · The royal line: Judah to David to Jesus

Josiah and the book of the Law

RoleStated in the text

In Josiah's eighteenth year Hilkiah the high priest found the book of the law in the temple; Shaphan the scribe read it to the king, who tore his garments and launched a sweeping reform. Jeremiah is also associated with Josiah's reign.

Where the text shows it: 2 Kgs 22:3-13 — Discovery and reading2 Kgs 23:1-25 — ReformJer 1:2 — Jeremiah's ministry begins in Josiah's thirteenth year

Sources: 2 Kgs 22:3-13 · 2 Kgs 23:1-25 · Jer 1:2

Jeremiah and King Josiah

RoleStated in the text

Jeremiah's call came in Josiah's thirteenth year, and he later praises Josiah's justice in contrast to Jehoiakim. Chronicles says Jeremiah composed a lament for Josiah.

Where the text shows it: Jer 1:2 — Call in Josiah's thirteenth yearJer 22:15-16 — Josiah "judged the cause of the poor"2 Chr 35:25 — Jeremiah's lament for Josiah

Sources: Jer 1:2 · Jer 22:15-16 · 2 Chr 35:25

Josiah's sons: the last kings of Judah

FamilyStated in the text

Three sons of Josiah reigned after him: Jehoahaz (Shallum), Jehoiakim (Eliakim) and Zedekiah (Mattaniah); Jehoiakim's son Jehoiachin also reigned. Pharaoh Necho and Nebuchadnezzar renamed or installed them as vassals.

Where the text shows it: 2 Kgs 23:30-34 — Jehoahaz deposed; Eliakim renamed Jehoiakim2 Kgs 24:17 — Nebuchadnezzar renames Mattaniah as Zedekiah1 Chr 3:15-16 — Josiah's sons listed

Sources: 2 Kgs 23:30-34 · 2 Kgs 24:17 · 1 Chr 3:15-16

David to Jesus through Solomon (Matthew)

FamilyStated in the text

Matthew traces the royal line from David through Solomon and the kings of Judah to Jehoiachin, then through Shealtiel and Zerubbabel to Joseph, husband of Mary. It lists fourteen generations in each of three groups, selectively.

Where the text shows it: Matt 1:6-11 — David to JeconiahMatt 1:12-16 — Jeconiah to Joseph and JesusMatt 1:17 — Three sets of fourteen generations

Sources: Matt 1:6-11 · Matt 1:12-16 · Matt 1:17

Where Josiah appears

49 verses in 7 books · English text: BSB (change it from the menu at the top) · Strong’s H2977

1 Kings1
2 Kings12
1 Chronicles2
2 Chronicles15
Jeremiah16
Zephaniah1
Matthew2

Names, family links and references: STEPBible TIPNR (Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Short descriptions were drafted with AI assistance by STEPBible. Family links follow STEPBible’s scholarly decisions where genealogies are ambiguous.