← Places

Place

Philistia

The Philistines were a powerful people who inhabited the coastal plain of Canaan and were often in conflict with the Israelites during the period of the judges and early monarchy.

Also known as Palestina · Philistine

The Philistines were an ancient people who lived in the coastal plain of Canaan, primarily in the region known as Philistia, which corresponds to the modern-day Gaza Strip and the southern coast of Israel. They are first mentioned in the Bible during the time of Abraham (Gen. 21:32, 34) and Isaac (Gen. 26:1, 8, 14-15, 18). The Philistines were not part of the original inhabitants of Canaan and are believed to have migrated from the Aegean region, possibly as part of the Sea Peoples' movement in the 12th century BC.

Throughout the period of the judges and the early monarchy, the Philistines were a constant threat to the Israelites. They oppressed Israel for 40 years until Samson began to deliver them (Judg. 13:1, 5). Samson's encounters with the Philistines, including his marriage to a Philistine woman and his final act of bringing down the temple of Dagon, are recorded in Judges 14-16. During the time of Samuel, the Philistines defeated Israel and captured the Ark of the Covenant (1Sam. 4). They were later forced to return the Ark after experiencing plagues (1Sam. 5-6).

The Philistines continued to be a significant enemy during the reigns of Saul and David. The famous battle between David and the Philistine giant Goliath took place during this time (1Sam. 17). David fought against the Philistines throughout his reign (2Sam. 5; 8:1, 12; 21; 23), and they remained a threat until the later years of the divided monarchy (2Kgs. 18:8; 2Chr. 26:6-7; 28:18). The prophets Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Amos, and Zephaniah all mention the Philistines in their oracles, often pronouncing judgment against them (Isa. 14:29-31; Jer. 47; Ezek. 25:15-17; Amo.1.8; Zeph. 2:5).

The Philistines were known for their advanced iron technology, their distinctive pottery, and their religious practices, which included the worship of deities such as Dagon, Ashtoreth, and Baal-Zebub. The biblical narrative portrays them as a formidable enemy of Israel, but also as a people whom God used to test and discipline His chosen nation.

Approximate location: 33.563, 35.366 · view on a map · on the Bible atlas

Bible dictionary

Philistia Easton Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)

=Palestine (q.v.), “the land of the Philistines” (Ps. 60:8; 87:4; 108:9). The word is supposed to mean “the land of wanderers” or “of strangers.”

Read the full entry →

Philistia Smith Smith’s Bible Dictionary (1863)

(Heb. Pelesheth) (land of sojourners). The word thus translated (in) (Psalms 60:8; 87:4; 108:9) is in the original identical with that elsewhere rendered Palestine, which always means land of the Philistines. (Philistia was the plain on the southwest coast of Palestine. It was 40 miles long on the coast of the Mediterranean between Gerar and Joppa, and 10 miles wide at the northern end and 20 at the southern.—ED.) This plain has been in all ages remarkable for the extreme richness of its soil. It was also adapted to the growth of military power; for while the itself permitted. the use of war-chariots, which were the chief arm of offence, the occasional elevations which rise out of it offered secure sites for towns and strongholds. It was, moreover, a commercial country: from its position it must have been at all times the great thoroughfare between Phoenicia and Syria in the north and Egypt and Arabia in the south.

Read the full entry →

Philistia Hastings Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible (1898)

PHILIS'TIA (land of sojourners), in Ps 60:8; Ps 87:4; Ps 108:9, the only places where the word "Philistia" occurs, is the same Hebrew word elsewhere translated "Palestine." "Palestine" originally meant only the district inhabited by the "Philistines." In Ps 83:7 the word is rendered "Philistines." Josephus calls these people "Palestines." Situation and Extent. - Philistia, or the "land of the Philistines," included the coast-plain on the south-west of Palestine, from Joppa on the north to the valley of Gerar on the south, a distance of about 40 miles, and from the Mediterranean on the west to the Judaean hills. Its breadth at the northern end was 10 miles, and at the southern about 20. It appears to have extended as far inland as Beersheba. Gen 21:33-34; Ex 26:1, Gen 26:14-18; Ex 23:31; Josh 13:2-3. Warren limited it, somewhat more closely, to the plain reaching 32 miles from Ekron to Gaza, with a breadth of from 9 to 16 miles. It is bounded on the north by the plain of Sharon, east by the hill-country, south by "the south country," and west by the Mediterranean. Physical Features, - Along the whole sea-board are white sandy dunes. Behind these is the broad undulating plain, from 50 to 300 feet above the sea-level, with a deep rich soil. To the east of this plain is found a series of low spurs and undulating ground culminating in hogs' backs, running nearly north and south, and rising in places 1200 feet above the ocean; to the east of these is a steep descent of about 500 feet to the valleys, and east of these the hill-country of Judah begins. From the deep and narrow ravines of the hill-country rapid torrents roll during the rainy season. On coming into the plain the water forms marshes and pools, and quietly sinks away, most of the water reaching the ocean…

Read the full entry →

Philistia Schaff Schaff’s Dictionary of the Bible

PHILIS'TIA (land of sojourners), in Ps 60:8; Ps 87:4; Ps 108:9, the only places where the word "Philistia" occurs, is the same Hebrew word elsewhere translated "Palestine." "Palestine" originally meant only the district inhabited by the "Philistines." In Ps 83:7 the word is rendered "Philistines." Josephus calls these people "Palestines." Situation and Extent. - Philistia, or the "land of the Philistines," included the coast-plain on the south-west of Palestine, from Joppa on the north to the valley of Gerar on the south, a distance of about 40 miles, and from the Mediterranean on the west to the Judaean hills. Its breadth at the northern end was 10 miles, and at the southern about 20. It appears to have extended as far inland as Beersheba. Gen 21:33-34; Ex 26:1, Gen 26:14-18; Ex 23:31; Josh 13:2-3. Warren limited it, somewhat more closely, to the plain reaching 32 miles from Ekron to Gaza, with a breadth of from 9 to 16 miles. It is bounded on the north by the plain of Sharon, east by the hill-country, south by "the south country," and west by the Mediterranean. Physical Features, - Along the whole sea-board are white sandy dunes. Behind these is the broad undulating plain, from 50 to 300 feet above the sea-level, with a deep rich soil. To the east of this plain is found a series of low spurs and undulating ground culminating in hogs' backs, running nearly north and south, and rising in places 1200 feet above the ocean; to the east of these is a steep descent of about 500 feet to the valleys, and east of these the hill-country of Judah begins. From the deep and narrow ravines of the hill-country rapid torrents roll during the rainy season. On coming into the plain the water forms marshes and pools, and quietly sinks away, most of the water reaching the ocean…

Read the full entry →

Easton (1897), Smith (1863), Hitchcock (1869), Hastings (1898) and Schaff are in the public domain. Parsed text: neuu-org/bible-dictionary-dataset (CC BY 4.0). Headwords and whitespace normalised for this site.

Where Philistia appears

250 verses in 19 books · English text: BSB (change it from the menu at the top) · Strong’s H6429

Genesis7
Exodus3
Joshua2
Judges31
1 Samuel125
2 Samuel24
1 Kings3
2 Kings3
1 Chronicles22
2 Chronicles6
Psalms5
Isaiah5
Jeremiah3
Ezekiel4
Joel1
Amos3
Obadiah1
Zephaniah1
Zechariah1

Names, family links and references: STEPBible TIPNR (Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Short descriptions were drafted with AI assistance by STEPBible. Family links follow STEPBible’s scholarly decisions where genealogies are ambiguous.