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Person · Tribe of Judah

Jesse

David's father living at the time of United Monarchy

Jesse was the father of King David and an ancestor of Jesus Christ.

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Jesse was a Bethlehemite from the tribe of Judah and the father of King David. He is first mentioned in the book of Ruth as the son of Obed and the grandson of Boaz and Ruth. Jesse had eight sons, the youngest of whom was David, who was anointed by the prophet Samuel to be king over Israel. Jesse is described as an old man during the time of David's youth, and he sent David to take supplies to his older brothers who were fighting in Saul's army against the Philistines. Later, when David was on the run from Saul, he expressed concern for his parents' safety, and he arranged for them to stay with the king of Moab. Jesse is also mentioned in the genealogies of Jesus Christ in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, emphasizing the Messianic lineage from Jesse through David. The prophet Isaiah foretold that the Messiah would come from the "stump of Jesse," symbolizing the humble origins of the Davidic dynasty.

Family

Father
Obed
Spouse or partner
Nahash

Connections

Part of: Judges era and the road to David

Judah to David: Ruth 4 and Matthew 1

FamilyStated in the text

Ruth 4:18-22 lists ten generations from Perez to David, matching Matthew 1:3-6 and Luke 3:31-33. Scholars note that ten names cover about seven centuries, so the list is likely selective.

Where the text shows it: Ruth 4:18-22 — Perez to David1 Chr 2:5-15 — Chronicles parallelMatt 1:3-6 — Matthew's versionLuke 3:31-33 — Luke's version

Sources: Ruth 4:18-22 · 1 Chr 2:5-15 · Matt 1:3-6 · Luke 3:31-33

Boaz, Obed, Jesse and David

FamilyStated in the text

Ruth and Boaz's son Obed became father of Jesse, father of David. The book of Ruth ends with this genealogy, presenting the Moabite Ruth as David's great-grandmother; Matthew repeats the line.

Where the text shows it: Ruth 4:17 — Obed father of Jesse, father of DavidRuth 4:18-22 — Genealogy from Perez to DavidMatt 1:5-6 — Matthew's genealogy: Boaz, Obed, Jesse, David

Sources: Ruth 4:17 · Ruth 4:18-22 · Matt 1:5-6

Bible dictionary

Jesse Easton Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)

Firm, or a gift, a son of Obed, the son of Boaz and Ruth (Ruth 4:17, 22; Matt. 1:5, 6; Luke 3:32). He was the father of eight sons, the youngest of whom was David (1 Sam. 17:12). The phrase “stem of Jesse” is used for the family of David (Isa. 11:1), and “root of Jesse” for the Messiah (Isa. 11:10; Rev. 5:5). Jesse was a man apparently of wealth and position at Bethlehem (1 Sam. 17:17, 18, 20; Ps. 78:71). The last reference to him is of David’s procuring for him an asylum with the king of Moab (1 Sam. 22:3).

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Jesse Smith Smith’s Bible Dictionary (1863)

(wealthy), the father of David, was the son of Obed, who again was the fruit of the union of Boaz and the Moabitess Ruth. His great-grandmother was Rahab the Canaanite, of Jericho. (Matthew 1:5) Jesse’s genealogy is twice given in full in the Old Testament, viz., (Ruth 4:18-22) and 1Chr 2:5-12 He is commonly designated as “Jesse the Bethlehemite,” (1 Samuel 16:1,18; 17:58) but his full title is “the Ephrathite of Bethlehem Judah.” ch. (1 Samuel 17:12) He is an “old man” when we first meet with him, (1 Samuel 17:12) with eight sons, ch. (1 Samuel 16:10; 17:12) residing at Bethlehem. ch (1 Samuel 16:4,5) Jesse’s wealth seems to have consisted of a flock of sheep and goats, which were under the care of David. ch. (1 Samuel 16:11; 17:34,35) After David’s rupture with Saul he took his father and his mother into the country of Moab and deposited them with the king, and there they disappear from our view in the records of Scripture. (B.C. 1068-61.) Who the wife of Jesse was we are not told.

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Jesse Hitchcock Hitchcock’s Bible Names Dictionary (1869)

gift; oblation; one who is

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Jesse Hastings Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible (1898)

JES'SE (strong), the father of David, and the grandson of Ruth. His genealogy is twice given in the 0. T.. Ruth 4:18-22; 1 Chr 2:5-12, and twice in the N.T. Matt 1:3, 1 Chr 6:5; Luke 3:32-34. He is usually called "Jesse the Bethlehemite," 1 Sam 16:1, 1 Sam 16:18; 1 Sam 17:58, but his full and proper designation is Jesse "that Ephrathite of Bethlehem Judah." 1 Sam 17:12. This latter verse calls him "an old man" at the time of David's fight with Goliath. He was the affectionate father of eight sons, and a man of wealth and position. 1 Sam 17:17-18. It is remarkable that David is called "the son of Jesse" after his own fame was established. 1 Chr 29:26; Ps 72:20. Jesse was through David the ancestor of the Judaic kings, and thus of Christ. The prophets announced this in so many words. Isa 11:1, Neh 11:10.

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Jesse Schaff Schaff’s Dictionary of the Bible

JES'SE (strong), the father of David, and the grandson of Ruth. His genealogy is twice given in the 0. T.. Ruth 4:18-22; 1 Chr 2:5-12, and twice in the N.T. Matt 1:3, 1 Chr 6:5; Luke 3:32-34. He is usually called "Jesse the Bethlehemite," 1 Sam 16:1, 1 Sam 16:18; 1 Sam 17:58, but his full and proper designation is Jesse "that Ephrathite of Bethlehem Judah." 1 Sam 17:12. This latter verse calls him "an old man" at the time of David's fight with Goliath. He was the affectionate father of eight sons, and a man of wealth and position. 1 Sam 17:17-18. It is remarkable that David is

called "the son of Jesse" after his own fame was established. 1 Chr 29:26; Ps 72:20. Jesse was through David the ancestor of the Judaic kings, and thus of Christ. The prophets announced this in so many words. Isa 11:1, Neh 11:10.

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Easton (1897), Smith (1863), Hitchcock (1869), Hastings (1898) and Schaff are in the public domain. Parsed text: neuu-org/bible-dictionary-dataset (CC BY 4.0). Headwords and whitespace normalised for this site.

Where Jesse appears

44 verses in 12 books · English text: BSB (change it from the menu at the top) · Strong’s H3448

Ruth2
1 Samuel24
2 Samuel2
1 Kings1
1 Chronicles5
2 Chronicles2
Psalms1
Isaiah2
Matthew2
Luke1
Acts1
Romans1

Names, family links and references: STEPBible TIPNR (Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Short descriptions were drafted with AI assistance by STEPBible. Family links follow STEPBible’s scholarly decisions where genealogies are ambiguous.