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Person · Tribe of Judah

Boaz

Man living before Israel's Monarchy

Boaz, a wealthy Bethlehemite, married Ruth and became an ancestor of King David and Jesus Christ.

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Also known as Booz

Boaz was a wealthy man from Bethlehem who played a significant role in the story of Ruth (Ruth 2-4). He was a relative of Naomi's deceased husband, Elimelech, and acted as a kinsman-redeemer for Ruth, a Moabite widow. When Ruth gleaned grain in Boaz's field, he showed her kindness and protection, recognizing her loyalty to Naomi (Ruth 2). Later, Naomi instructed Ruth to approach Boaz at night and request that he fulfill his role as a kinsman-redeemer (Ruth 3). Boaz agreed to marry Ruth, after ensuring that a closer relative did not wish to claim this right (Rut.4.1-12). Their marriage led to the birth of Obed, who became the grandfather of King David (Rut.4.13-17). Boaz is also mentioned in the genealogy of Jesus Christ (Matt. Rut.1.5; Luk.3.32), highlighting his importance in God's plan of redemption. Additionally, Boaz is associated with one of the two bronze pillars in Solomon's temple, which was named after him (1Ki.7.21; 1 Chr. 1Ki.2.11-12). His story demonstrates the importance of integrity, kindness, and faithfulness in fulfilling one's duties and God's purposes.

Family

Father
Salmon
Spouse or partner
Ruth
Children
Obed

Connections

Part of: The royal line: Judah to David to Jesus · Judges era and the road to David

Judah to David: Ruth 4 and Matthew 1

FamilyStated in the text

Ruth 4:18-22 lists ten generations from Perez to David, matching Matthew 1:3-6 and Luke 3:31-33. Scholars note that ten names cover about seven centuries, so the list is likely selective.

Where the text shows it: Ruth 4:18-22 — Perez to David1 Chr 2:5-15 — Chronicles parallelMatt 1:3-6 — Matthew's versionLuke 3:31-33 — Luke's version

Sources: Ruth 4:18-22 · 1 Chr 2:5-15 · Matt 1:3-6 · Luke 3:31-33

Ruth and Boaz: the kinsman-redeemer

FamilyStated in the text

Boaz, a relative of Elimelech, allowed Ruth to glean, acted as redeemer after a closer relative declined, bought the family land and married Ruth. The account joins the law of redemption (Lev 25) and levirate practice with a story of kindness (hesed).

Where the text shows it: Ruth 2:1-3 — Boaz is of Elimelech's familyRuth 3:9-13 — Ruth asks Boaz to redeemRuth 4:1-10 — Legal redemption at the gateLev 25:25 — The redeemer law

Sources: Ruth 2:1-3 · Ruth 3:9-13 · Ruth 4:1-10 · Lev 25:25

Boaz, Obed, Jesse and David

FamilyStated in the text

Ruth and Boaz's son Obed became father of Jesse, father of David. The book of Ruth ends with this genealogy, presenting the Moabite Ruth as David's great-grandmother; Matthew repeats the line.

Where the text shows it: Ruth 4:17 — Obed father of Jesse, father of DavidRuth 4:18-22 — Genealogy from Perez to DavidMatt 1:5-6 — Matthew's genealogy: Boaz, Obed, Jesse, David

Sources: Ruth 4:17 · Ruth 4:18-22 · Matt 1:5-6

Salmon and Rahab: the Jericho woman in David's ancestry

FamilyChurch tradition

Matthew names Rahab as the wife of Salmon and mother of Boaz. The identification with the Rahab of Jericho is the standard reading, but the Old Testament never says Salmon married her, and chronology is debated.

Where the text shows it: Matt 1:5 — Salmon fathered Boaz by RahabJosh 2:1 — Rahab hides the spies at JerichoJosh 6:25 — Rahab survives Jericho's fallRuth 4:20-21 — Nahshon, Salmon, Boaz
Ways people read this (2)
  • Standard reading: Matthew's Rahab is the Rahab of Jericho.
  • Some scholars note chronological tension (about 200 years between Jericho and David) and suggest either compressed genealogies or a different Rahab.

Sources: Matt 1:5 · Josh 2:1 · Josh 6:25 · Ruth 4:20-21

Bible dictionary

Boaz Easton Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)

Alacrity. (1.) The husband of Ruth, a wealthy Bethlehemite. By the “levirate law” the duty devolved on him of marrying Ruth the Moabitess (Ruth 4:1-13). He was a kinsman of Mahlon, her first husband. (2.) The name given (for what reason is unknown) to one of the two (the other was called Jachin) brazen pillars which Solomon erected in the court of the temple (1 Kings 7:21; 2 Chr. 3:17). These pillars were broken up and carried to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar.

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Boaz Smith Smith’s Bible Dictionary (1863)

(fleetness).

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Boaz Hitchcock Hitchcock’s Bible Names Dictionary (1869)

or Booz, in strength

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Boaz Hastings Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible (1898)

BO'AZ, or BO'OZ (lovely), was a descendant of Judah, Ruth 2:1, and through him is traced the regular succession of Jewish kings. Matt 1:5. Boaz was a man of wealth and of great respectability. He married Ruth and begat Obed, the father of Jesse, the father of David. See Ruth.

BO'AZ (lively), one of the brazen pillars erected by Solomon before the portico of the temple. Its companion was Jachin. They were named for their givers or makers, or else had a symbolical meaning. 1 Kgs 7:21; 2 Chr. 3:17; Jer 52:21.

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Boaz Schaff Schaff’s Dictionary of the Bible

BO'AZ (lively), one of the brazen pillars erected by Solomon before the portico of the temple. Its companion was Jachin. They were named for their givers or makers, or else had a symbolical meaning. 1 Kgs 7:21; 2 Chr. 3:17; Jer 52:21.

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Easton (1897), Smith (1863), Hitchcock (1869), Hastings (1898) and Schaff are in the public domain. Parsed text: neuu-org/bible-dictionary-dataset (CC BY 4.0). Headwords and whitespace normalised for this site.

Where Boaz appears

22 verses in 4 books · English text: BSB (change it from the menu at the top) · Strong’s H1162

Ruth18
1 Chronicles2
Matthew1
Luke1

Names, family links and references: STEPBible TIPNR (Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Short descriptions were drafted with AI assistance by STEPBible. Family links follow STEPBible’s scholarly decisions where genealogies are ambiguous.