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Person · Early Patriarch

Sarah

Woman living at the time of the Patriarchs

Sarah (or Sarai) was the wife of Abraham and the mother of Isaac, through whom God fulfilled His promise to make Abraham a great nation.

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Also known as Sarai · Sara

Sarah, initially named Sarai, was the wife of Abraham and the mother of Isaac. She was born in Ur of the Chaldeans and married Abraham (then known as Abram) while they lived in Haran (Gen.11.29-31). Sarah accompanied Abraham when God called him to leave Haran and go to the land of Canaan (Gen.12.5). Despite God's promise that Abraham would have numerous descendants, Sarah was barren (Gen.11.30). In her impatience, she gave her Egyptian maidservant, Hagar, to Abraham as a wife to bear a child on her behalf (Gen.16.1-4). This resulted in the birth of Ishmael (Gen.16.15-16). When Abraham was 99 years old, God reaffirmed His covenant with him, changed his name from Abram to Abraham, and changed Sarai's name to Sarah (Gen.17.5, 15). God promised that Sarah would bear a son, Isaac, through whom the covenant would be established (Gen.17.19, 21; 18.10-14). Sarah initially laughed at this idea due to her advanced age (Gen.18.12-15). However, as God had promised, Sarah conceived and gave birth to Isaac when she was 90 years old (Gen.21.1-7). Sarah's faith is commended in Heb.11.11, which states that she received the ability to conceive because she considered God faithful to His promise. Sarah died at the age of 127 in Kirjath-arba (Hebron), and Abraham purchased the cave of Machpelah as a burial site for her (Gen.23.1-20). Her life story demonstrates the importance of faith, patience, and trust in God's promises, even in the face of seemingly impossible circumstances.

Family

Father
Terah
Spouse or partner
Abraham
Children
Isaac

Connections

Part of: The patriarchal families

Isaac and Ishmael: two sons of Abraham by two mothers

FamilyStated in the text

Ishmael was born to Abraham and Sarah's servant Hagar, Isaac to Sarah. Tension over inheritance led to Hagar and Ishmael's departure, yet both sons are blessed in God's promises, and they together buried Abraham at Machpelah.

Where the text shows it: Gen 16:15 — Ishmael is born to HagarGen 21:8-14 — Isaac weaned; Hagar and Ishmael sent awayGen 17:20 — Ishmael is promised to become a great nationGen 25:9 — Isaac and Ishmael bury Abraham

Sources: Gen 16:15 · Gen 21:8-14 · Gen 17:20 · Gen 25:9

The Terah family: Abraham, Nahor and Haran

FamilyStated in the text

Terah had three sons: Abram, Nahor, Haran. Haran died early, leaving Lot; Abraham's wife Sarah is described as his half-sister (daughter of his father, not his mother). Nahor's line supplies Rebekah, Rachel and Leah.

Where the text shows it: Gen 11:26-29 — Terah's sons; Haran and Lot; Nahor marries MilcahGen 20:12 — Sarah is Abraham's half-sisterGen 22:20-23 — Nahor's descendants

Sources: Gen 11:26-29 · Gen 20:12 · Gen 22:20-23

Bible dictionary

Sarah Easton Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)

Princess, the wife and at the same time the half-sister of Abraham (Gen. 11:29; 20:12). This name was given to her at the time that it was announced to Abraham that she should be the mother of the promised child. Her story is from her marriage identified with that of the patriarch till the time of her death. Her death, at the age of one hundred and twenty-seven years (the only instance in Scripture where the age of a woman is recorded), was the occasion of Abraham’s purchasing the cave of Machpelah as a family burying-place. In the allegory of Gal. 4:22-31 she is the type of the “Jerusalem which is above.” She is also mentioned as Sara in Heb. 11:11 among the Old Testament worthies, who “all died in faith.” (See ABRAHAM.)

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Sarah Smith Smith’s Bible Dictionary (1863)

(princess).

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Sarah Hitchcock Hitchcock’s Bible Names Dictionary (1869)

lady; princess; princess of the multitude

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Sarah Hastings Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible (1898)

SA'RAH (princess). The half sister and wife of Abraham, called "Sarai" down to Gen 17:15, when God changed her name from "my princess," as for Abraham, to "princess," for all the race. In addition to the notice of her in the article Abraham, it may be proper to say that she as well as Abraham was the subject of special promises. Gen 17:16. Her conduct in Egypt, Gen 12:15, and toward Hagar, Gen 16:6; Lev 21:10, and also when Isaac was promised. Gen 18:15, evinced great weakness, but her exemplary faith is commended by the apostles. Heb 11:11; 1 Pet 3:6. She lived to one hundred and twenty-seven years of age, or upward of thirty-six years after the birth of Isaac, and was buried in a field of Machpelah, which Abraham bought for the purpose. A woman mentioned in Num 26:46. See Serah.

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Sarah Schaff Schaff’s Dictionary of the Bible

SA'RAH (princess). The half sister and wife of Abraham, called "Sarai" down to Gen 17:15, when God changed her name from "my princess," as for Abraham, to "princess," for all the race. In addition to the notice of her in the article Abraham, it may be proper to say that she as well as Abraham was the subject of special promises. Gen 17:16. Her conduct in Egypt, Gen 12:15, and toward Hagar, Gen 16:6; Lev 21:10, and also when Isaac was promised. Gen 18:15, evinced great weakness, but her exemplary faith is commended by the apostles. Heb 11:11; 1 Pet 3:6. She lived to one hundred and twenty-seven years of age, or upward of thirty-six years after the birth of Isaac, and was buried in a field of Machpelah, which Abraham bought for the purpose. A woman mentioned in Num 26:46. See Serah.

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Easton (1897), Smith (1863), Hitchcock (1869), Hastings (1898) and Schaff are in the public domain. Parsed text: neuu-org/bible-dictionary-dataset (CC BY 4.0). Headwords and whitespace normalised for this site.

Where Sarah appears

48 verses in 5 books · English text: BSB (change it from the menu at the top) · Strong’s H8283

Genesis43
Isaiah1
Romans2
Hebrews1
1 Peter1

Names, family links and references: STEPBible TIPNR (Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Short descriptions were drafted with AI assistance by STEPBible. Family links follow STEPBible’s scholarly decisions where genealogies are ambiguous.