Matthew 21

Berean Standard Bible · Compare translations · AD 30 – AD 33 · Life of Jesus · Tap a verse to copy, share or highlight ·

46 verses · 1070 words · ~5 min read · ~7 min listen

The Triumphal Entry

Jesus Cleanses the Temple

The Barren Fig Tree

Jesusʼ Authority Challenged

The Parable of the Two Sons

The Parable of the Wicked Tenants

Footnotes (12)
  1. a v5 Zechariah 9:9
  2. b v9 Hosanna is a transliteration of the Hebrew Hosia-na, meaning Save, we pray or Save now, which became a shout of praise; see Psalms 118:25; also in verse 15.
  3. c v9 Psalms 118:26
  4. d v9 Or “Hosanna in the highest heaven!” See Psalms 118:25and Psalms 148:1.
  5. e v12 Literally the temple; also in verses 15 and 23; BYZ and TR the temple of God
  6. f v13 Isaiah 56:7
  7. g v13 Jeremiah 7:11
  8. h v16 Psalms 8:2(see also LXX)
  9. i v29 NE and WH But he went.
  10. j v31 NE and WH The latter
  11. k v42 Psalms 118:22–23
  12. l v44 Tischendorf and some early manuscripts do not include verse 44; see also Luke 20:18.

Study notes on this chapter · 7

QuotationLinked by the New Testament

From the mouths of children

When children shout praise to Jesus in the temple and the chief priests object, Jesus answers with a line from Psalm 8 about praise established from the mouths of children and infants.

When: Psalm of David; the temple scene in the last week of Jesus' ministry, c. AD 30–33.

Original passagePsalms 8:2
Where the New Testament applies itMatthew 21:15–16

Editorial note by BibleWay. Interpretations vary; dates are approximate scholarly estimates.

Prophecy & fulfillmentLinked by the New Testament

The stone the builders rejected

A psalm of thanksgiving in which the stone rejected by builders becomes the cornerstone. Jesus applies it to himself, and Peter repeats it before the council.

When: A pilgrimage psalm from the period of the temple; quoted by Jesus, c. AD 30–33.

Original passagePsalms 118:22–23
Where the New Testament applies itMatthew 21:42Acts 4:111 Peter 2:7

Editorial note by BibleWay. Interpretations vary; dates are approximate scholarly estimates.

Prophecy & fulfillmentLinked by the New Testament

Hosanna: blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD

The Palm Sunday crowds greet Jesus with words from Psalm 118, a pilgrim psalm sung at Passover: 'Hosanna' (Save us) and 'Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD'. The gospels report this.

When: Psalm 118, sung by pilgrims to the temple; Jesus' entry into Jerusalem, c. AD 30–33.

Original passagePsalms 118:25–26
Where the New Testament applies itMatthew 21:9Mark 11:9–10John 12:13
Echoed inMatthew 23:39

Editorial note by BibleWay. Interpretations vary; dates are approximate scholarly estimates.

Type / patternWidely held reading

The vineyard and the tenants

Isaiah's song of the vineyard describes God planting a vineyard that yields wild grapes, standing for Israel. Jesus' parable of the wicked tenants borrows the opening details of the planting, wall and winepress, and directs the charge at Israel's leaders. The leaders perceive that he is speaking about them.

When: Isaiah, c. 740–700 BC; parable told in Jesus' last week, c. AD 30–33.

Original passageIsaiah 5:1–7

Editorial note by BibleWay. Interpretations vary; dates are approximate scholarly estimates.

QuotationLinked by the New Testament

A house of prayer for all nations

When Jesus drives traders from the temple courts he combines two prophetic texts: Isaiah's promise that the temple would be a house of prayer for all nations, and Jeremiah's charge that it had become a den of robbers.

When: Isaiah, c. 700–540 BC; Jeremiah's temple sermon, c. 609 BC; temple cleansing in Jesus' last week, c. AD 30–33.

Original passageIsaiah 56:7Jeremiah 7:11
Where the New Testament applies itMark 11:15–17Matthew 21:12–13Luke 19:45–46

Editorial note by BibleWay. Interpretations vary; dates are approximate scholarly estimates.

Prophecy & fulfillmentWidely held reading

Zechariah's oracle along the coast

Zechariah 9 describes judgment moving down the Mediterranean coast: Hadrach and Damascus, Tyre's fortifications cast into the sea, and Philistine cities Ashkelon, Gaza and Ekron in fear. Many scholars see this as matching the campaign of Alexander the Great in 333–332 BC, which passed through these very places. The chapter then turns to a humble king riding on a donkey.

When: Zechariah 9–14 (date debated, c. 520 BC or later); Alexander's campaign, 333–332 BC.

Original passageZechariah 9:1–8
Ways people read this (3)
  • A prophecy of Alexander's campaign; Josephus says Jerusalem itself was spared.
  • An oracle of the Assyrian campaigns of the eighth century BC.
  • Many readers see a more general judgment on Israel's neighbors, followed by the coming of the Messiah (Zechariah 9:9).

Editorial note by BibleWay. Interpretations vary; dates are approximate scholarly estimates.

Prophecy & fulfillmentLinked by the New Testament

Your king comes, humble, riding on a donkey

Zechariah calls Zion to rejoice because her king comes righteous and humble, riding a donkey. Matthew and John connect this to Jesus' entry into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday.

When: Zechariah, c. 520–480 BC; Jesus' entry, c. AD 30–33.

Original passageZechariah 9:9
Where the New Testament applies itMatthew 21:1–9John 12:12–16

Editorial note by BibleWay. Interpretations vary; dates are approximate scholarly estimates.

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