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Person · Tribe of Levi

Phinehas

Priest living at the time of United Monarchy

Phinehas, the son of Eli the priest, was known for his wickedness and died in battle against the Philistines along with his brother Hophni.

🗺 Places mentioned alongside Phinehas on the map →

Phinehas was one of the two sons of Eli, the priest who served in the tabernacle at Shiloh (1Sa.1.3). Along with his brother Hophni, Phinehas was described as a worthless man who did not know the Lord (1Sa.2.12). They abused their priestly duties by taking more than their share of the sacrificial meat and engaging in sexual immorality with the women who served at the entrance of the tabernacle (1Sa.2.13-17, 22).

Eli rebuked his sons for their wicked behavior, but they did not listen (1Sa.2.22-25). As a result, a prophecy was given to Eli that his two sons would die on the same day (1Sa.2.34). This prophecy was fulfilled when the Philistines defeated the Israelites in battle, captured the Ark of the Covenant, and killed Hophni and Phinehas (1Sa.4.11). Upon hearing the news of his sons' deaths and the capture of the Ark, Eli fell backward, broke his neck, and died (1Sa.4.17-18). Phinehas' wife, who was pregnant, went into labor and died after giving birth to a son named Ichabod, which means "the glory has departed from Israel" (1Sa.4.19-22).

Family

Father
Eli
Sibling
Hophni

Connections

Part of: Judges era and the road to David

Eli, Hophni and Phinehas: a priestly house judged

RoleStated in the text

Eli's sons abused their priestly office. Eli failed to restrain them; the ark was captured and both sons died in one day, and Eli died on hearing it. The story also marks the transfer of priestly honour from the line of Eli (of Ithamar) toward Zadok (of Eleazar) under Solomon.

Where the text shows it: 1 Sam 2:12-17 — Sons' abuses1 Sam 4:10-18 — Ark captured; deaths1 Kgs 2:26-27 — Abiathar, Eli's descendant, removed by Solomon

Sources: 1 Sam 2:12-17 · 1 Sam 4:10-18 · 1 Kgs 2:26-27

Where Phinehas appears

7 verses in 1 book · English text: BSB (change it from the menu at the top) · Strong’s H6372

1 Samuel7

Names, family links and references: STEPBible TIPNR (Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Short descriptions were drafted with AI assistance by STEPBible. Family links follow STEPBible’s scholarly decisions where genealogies are ambiguous.