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Ezekiel

Prophet living at the time of Exile and Return

Ezekiel was a prophet during the Babylonian exile who authored the Book of Ezekiel and served as a sign to the people of Israel.

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Ezekiel was a priest and prophet who lived during the time of the Babylonian exile. He was the son of Buzi and was among the captives taken to Babylon by King Nebuchadnezzar in 597 BC (Ezk.1.3). Ezekiel received visions and messages from God while in exile, which he recorded in the Book of Ezekiel. His prophecies included warnings of judgment against Israel and the surrounding nations, as well as messages of hope and restoration for God's people. Ezekiel's life and actions often served as symbolic signs to the people of Israel, such as his unusual behavior during his wife's death, which was meant to illustrate the coming destruction of Jerusalem (Ezk.24.24). His ministry spanned approximately 22 years, from the fifth year of King Jehoiachin's captivity until at least the 27th year (Ezk.1.2; 29.17).

Family

Father
Buzi
Spouse or partner
a wife of Ezekiel

Connections

Part of: Last kings of Judah and the prophets of the exile

Ezekiel and the exiles of Jehoiachin

RoleStated in the text

Ezekiel, a priest, was deported with Jehoiachin in 597 BC and received his call by the Chebar canal. His dating system counts years from Jehoiachin's exile, showing how the exiles regarded him as the legitimate king.

Where the text shows it: Ezek 1:1-3 — Call by the Chebar canal; priest Ezekiel son of BuziEzek 1:2 — Dated from the fifth year of Jehoiachin's exile2 Kgs 24:14-15 — Deportation of Jehoiachin and leading citizens

Sources: Ezek 1:1-3 · Ezek 1:2 · 2 Kgs 24:14-15

Jeremiah and Ezekiel: two prophets, two locations

WorkWidely accepted

Jeremiah remained in Jerusalem and Egypt while Ezekiel prophesied in Babylon, both warning that Jerusalem would fall and later promising restoration (a new covenant in Jer 31, a new heart and spirit in Ezek 36). Their words may have circulated between Judah and the exiles via Jeremiah's letter.

Where the text shows it: Jer 29:1-7 — Jeremiah's letter to the exilesJer 31:31-34 — New covenantEzek 36:26-27 — New heart and spirit

Sources: Jer 29:1-7 · Jer 31:31-34 · Ezek 36:26-27

Ezekiel and Daniel in exile

WorkDebated

Both lived in Babylon at the same time, Daniel at court from 605 BC, Ezekiel among the deportees from 597 BC. Ezekiel names "Daniel" alongside Noah and Job as a model of righteousness and of wisdom. Whether that is the same Daniel is debated.

Where the text shows it: Ezek 14:14 — Noah, Daniel and JobEzek 14:20 — Repeated in the second oracleEzek 28:3 — "Are you wiser than Daniel?"Dan 1:1-6 — Daniel taken in Jehoiakim's third year
Ways people read this (3)
  • Traditional view: Ezekiel refers to his contemporary, then already famous at court.
  • Some scholars think Ezekiel means Danel, an ancient righteous king in a Ugaritic legend, spelled the same in Hebrew consonants.
  • Ezekiel's spelling differs from the Daniel of the book of Daniel in the Hebrew text.

Sources: Ezek 14:14 · Ezek 14:20 · Ezek 28:3 · Dan 1:1-6

Bible dictionary

Ezekiel Easton Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897)

God will strengthen. (1.) 1 Chr. 24:16, “Jehezekel.” (2.) One of the great prophets, the son of Buzi the priest (Ezek. 1:3). He was one of the Jewish exiles who settled at Tel-Abib, on the banks of the Chebar, “in the land of the Chaldeans.” He was probably carried away captive with Jehoiachin (1:2; 2 Kings 24:14-16) about B.C. 597. His prophetic call came to him “in the fifth year of Jehoiachin’s captivity” (B.C. 594). He had a house in the place of his exile, where he lost his wife, in the ninth year of his exile, by some sudden and unforeseen stroke (Ezek. 8:1; 24:18). He held a prominent place among the exiles, and was frequently consulted by the elders (8:1; 11:25; 14:1; 20:1). His ministry extended over twenty-three years (29:17), B.C. 595-573, during part of which he was contemporary with Daniel (14:14; 28:3) and Jeremiah, and probably also with Obadiah. The time and manner of his death are unknown. His reputed tomb is pointed out in the neighbourhood of Bagdad, at a place called Keffil.

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Ezekiel Smith Smith’s Bible Dictionary (1863)

(the strength of God), one of the four greater prophets, was the son of a priest named Buzi, and was taken captive in the captivity of Jehoiachin, eleven years before the destruction of Jerusalem. He was a member of a community of Jewish exiles who settled on the banks of the Chebar, a “river’ or stream of Babylonia. He began prophesying B.C. 595, and continued until B.C. 573, a period of more than twenty-two years. We learn from an incidental allusion, (Ezekiel 24:18) that he was married, and had a house, (Ezekiel 8:1) in his place of exile, and lost his wife by a sudden and unforeseen stroke. He lived in the highest consideration among his companions in exile, and their elders consulted him on all occasions. He is said to have been buried on the banks of the Euphrates. The tomb, said to have been built by Jehoiachin, is shown, a few days journey from Bagdad. Ezekiel was distinguished by his stern and inflexible energy of will and character and his devoted adherence to the rites and ceremonies of his national religion. The depth of his matter and the marvellous nature of his visions make him occasionally obscure. Prophecy of Ezekiel .—The book is divided into two great parts, of which the destruction of Jerusalem is the turning-point. Chapters 1-24 contain predictions delivered before that event, and chs. 25-48 after it, as we see from ch. (Ezekiel 26:2) Again, chs. 1-32 are mainly occupied with correction, denunciation and reproof, while the remainder deal chiefly in consolation and promise. A parenthetical section in the middle of the book, chs. 25-32, contains a group of prophecies against seven foreign nations, the septenary arrangement being apparently intentional. There are no direct quotations from Ezekiel in the New Testament, but in the Apocalypse there are…

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Ezekiel Hitchcock Hitchcock’s Bible Names Dictionary (1869)

the strength of God

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Ezekiel Hastings Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible (1898)

EZE'KIEL (God will strengthen, or the strength of God), the son of a priest named Buzi, was born and spent his earlier years in Judaea. He was carefully educated, but carried by Nebuchadnezzar into captivity with Jehoiachin, king of Judah, b.c. 598, 11 years before the destruction of Jerusalem, and placed with a Jewish community by the river Chebar, in Chaldaea. See Chebar. He prophesied over 22 years, b.c. 595-573, till the fourteenth year after the final captivity of Jerusalem. From incidental allusions we learn that he had a house, Eze 8:1, and had lost his wife very suddenly, Eze 24:16-18. He was held in great esteem and frequently consulted by the elders, Neh 8:1; Eze 11:25; Eze 14:1; Eze 20:1. It is said that he kept up an intimate friendship with Jeremiah, and even that they exchanged prophecies. At all events, they echo one another's grief and lament over the ruined city, and both pierce through the gloom of the present distress and see the light of a new dispensation when the Law shall be written in the heart. Eze 11:19;Eze 18:31; cf. Jer 31:33. We do not know how or when his death occurred. Tradition states he was murdered. His reputed tomb is shown near Bagdad. Ezekiel was stern, inflexible, an earnest Jewish patriot, devoted to the rites and ceremonies of his religion, and uncompromisingly opposed to all forms of evil. He no doubt contributed much to the formation of the intense nationality of the Jews during that period. Prof. J. T. Hyde says: "He is not so much of a counsellor and seer as Isaiah, nor so much of a reformer and intercessor as Jeremiah, nor so much of a prince and statesman as Daniel, but more of a priest in his general spirit and bearing. More than a hundred times is he called 'son of man,' a title given to no other prophet except Daniel…

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Ezekiel Schaff Schaff’s Dictionary of the Bible

EZE'KIEL (God will strengthen, or the strength of God), the son of a priest named Buzi, was born and spent his earlier years in Judaea. He was carefully educated, but carried by Nebuchadnezzar into captivity with Jehoiachin, king of Judah, b.c. 598, 11 years before the destruction of Jerusalem, and placed with a Jewish community by the river Chebar, in Chaldaea. See Chebar. He prophesied over 22 years, b.c. 595-573, till the fourteenth year after the final captivity of Jerusalem. From incidental allusions we learn that he had a house, Eze 8:1, and had lost his wife very suddenly, Eze 24:16-18. He was held in great esteem and frequently consulted by the elders, Neh 8:1; Eze 11:25; Eze 14:1; Eze 20:1. It is said that he kept up an intimate friendship with Jeremiah, and even that they exchanged prophecies. At all events, they echo one another's grief and lament over the ruined city, and both pierce through the gloom of the present distress and see the light of a new dispensation when the Law shall be written in the heart. Eze 11:19;Eze 18:31; cf. Jer 31:33. We do not know how or when his death occurred. Tradition states he was murdered. His reputed tomb is shown near Bagdad. Ezekiel was stern, inflexible, an earnest Jewish patriot, devoted to the rites and ceremonies of his religion, and uncompromisingly opposed to all forms of evil. He no doubt contributed much to the formation of the intense nationality of the Jews during that period. Prof. J. T. Hyde says: "He is not so much of a counsellor and seer as Isaiah, nor so much of a reformer and intercessor as Jeremiah, nor so much of a prince and statesman as Daniel, but more of a priest in his general spirit and bearing. More than a hundred times is he called 'son of man,' a title given to no other prophet except Daniel…

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Easton (1897), Smith (1863), Hitchcock (1869), Hastings (1898) and Schaff are in the public domain. Parsed text: neuu-org/bible-dictionary-dataset (CC BY 4.0). Headwords and whitespace normalised for this site.

Where Ezekiel appears

2 verses in 1 book · English text: BSB (change it from the menu at the top) · Strong’s H3168

Ezekiel2

Names, family links and references: STEPBible TIPNR (Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Short descriptions were drafted with AI assistance by STEPBible. Family links follow STEPBible’s scholarly decisions where genealogies are ambiguous.