Pharaoh living at the time of United Monarchy
Pharaoh, the Egyptian ruler who made an alliance with King Solomon and gave him his daughter in marriage.
🗺 Places mentioned alongside Pharaoh on the map →
This Pharaoh was the Egyptian ruler during the reign of King Solomon (1Ki.3.1; 9.16). Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh and married his daughter, who brought the city of Gezer as a dowry. Solomon built a separate palace for Pharaoh's daughter (1Ki.7.8; 9.24; 2Ch.8.11) and included her among his many foreign wives (1Ki.11.1).
The Bible also mentions that Hadad, an Edomite prince, fled to Egypt during David's reign and found favor with Pharaoh, who gave him land and provisions and arranged for him to marry the sister of Queen Tahpenes (1Ki.11.18-20). Hadad's son Genubath was raised in Pharaoh's court (1Ki.11.20).
The specific identity of this Pharaoh is not provided in the Bible. However, based on the historical and archaeological evidence, some scholars suggest that he may have been Siamun or Psusennes II, rulers of the 21st Dynasty of Egypt, which was contemporary with Solomon's reign.
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12 verses in 3 books · English text: BSB (change it from the menu at the top) · Strong’s H6547
Later, Solomon formed an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt by marrying his daughter. Solomon brought her to the City of David until he had finished building his palace and the house of the LORD, as well as the wall around Jerusalem.
And the palace where Solomon would live, set further back, was of similar construction. He also made a palace like this hall for Pharaohʼs daughter, whom he had married.
Pharaoh king of Egypt had attacked and captured Gezer. He had set it on fire, killed the Canaanites who lived in the city, and given it as a dowry to his daughter, Solomonʼs wife.
As soon as Pharaohʼs daughter had come up from the City of David to the palace that Solomon had built for her, he built the supporting terraces.
King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh—women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, and Sidon, as well as Hittite women.
Hadad and his men set out from Midian and went to Paran. They took men from Paran with them and went to Egypt, to Pharaoh king of Egypt, who gave Hadad a house and land and provided him with food.
There Hadad found such great favor in the sight of Pharaoh that he gave to him in marriage the sister of Queen Tahpenes, his own wife.
And the sister of Tahpenes bore Hadad a son named Genubath. Tahpenes herself weaned him in Pharaohʼs palace, and Genubath lived there among the sons of Pharaoh.
When Hadad heard in Egypt that David had rested with his fathers and that Joab, the commander of the army, was dead, he said to Pharaoh, “Let me go, that I may return to my own country.”
But Pharaoh asked him, “What have you lacked here with me that you suddenly want to go back to your own country?” “Nothing,” Hadad replied, “but please let me go.”
Solomon brought the daughter of Pharaoh up from the City of David to the palace he had built for her. For he said, “My wife must not live in the house of David king of Israel, because the places the ark of the LORD has entered are holy.”
I compare you, my darling, to a mare among Pharaohʼs chariots.
Names, family links and references: STEPBible TIPNR (Tyndale House Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). Short descriptions were drafted with AI assistance by STEPBible. Family links follow STEPBible’s scholarly decisions where genealogies are ambiguous.