Genesis 16
Berean Standard Bible · Compare translations · 2081 BC – 2080 BC · The patriarchs · Tap a verse to copy, share or highlight ·
16 verses · 383 words · ~2 min read · ~3 min listen
Hagar and Ishmael
1Now Abramʼs wife Sarai had borne him no children, but she had an Egyptian maidservant named Hagar. 2So Sarai said to Abram, “Look now, the Lordhas prevented me from bearing children. Please go to my maidservant; perhaps I can build a family by her.”
And Abram listened to the voice of Sarai. 3So after he had lived in Canaan for ten years, his wife Sarai took her Egyptian maidservant Hagar and gave her to Abram to be his wife. 4And he slept with Hagar, and she conceived. But when Hagar realized that she was pregnant, she began to despise her mistress.
5Then Sarai said to Abram, “May the wrong done to me be upon you! I delivered my servant into your arms, and ever since she saw that she was pregnant, she has treated me with contempt. May the Lordjudge between you and me.”
6“Here,” said Abram, “your servant is in your hands. Do whatever you want with her.” Then Sarai treated Hagar so harshly that she fled from her.
7Now the angel of the Lordfound Hagar by a spring of water in the desert—the spring along the road to Shur. 8“Hagar, servant of Sarai,” he said, “where have you come from, and where are you going?”
“I am running away from my mistress Sarai,” she replied.
9So the angel of the Lordtold her, “Return to your mistress and submit to her authority.” 10Then the angel added, “I will greatly multiply your offspring so that they will be too numerous to count.”
11The angel of the Lordproceeded:
13So Hagar gave this name to the Lordwho had spoken to her: “You are the God who sees me,” for she said, “Here I have seen the One who sees me!” 14Therefore the well was called Beer-lahai-roi. It is located between Kadesh and Bered.
15And Hagar bore Abram a son, and Abram gave the name Ishmael to the son she had borne. 16Abram was eighty-six years old when Hagar bore Ishmael to him.
Footnotes (5)
- a v4 Or her mistress became despised in her sight
- b v7 Or Angel; also in verses 9, 10, and 11; corresponding pronouns may also be capitalized.
- c v11 Ishmael means God hears.
- d v13 Hebrew El-Roi
- e v14 Beer-lahai-roi means well of the Living One who sees me.
Study notes on this chapter · 2
Hagar and Sarah as two covenants
Paul calls the story of Abraham's two sons 'allegorically speaking': Hagar and her slave-born son stand for the covenant from Sinai and the present Jerusalem, Sarah and the promised child for the Jerusalem above. He then quotes Isaiah's promise to the barren woman to show the free woman's children outnumber the others.
When: Genesis (traditionally c. 2000 BC); Galatians, c. AD 48–55.
Ways people read this (2)
- Paul uses the story as an argument from analogy; he does not claim it was the original meaning of Genesis.
- Some see a typological reading in which the two women foreshadow the old and new covenants.
Editorial note by BibleWay. Interpretations vary; dates are approximate scholarly estimates.
Ishmael: twelve princes and a great nation
God promises Hagar that her son will have many descendants and live in hostility with his kin, and promises Abraham that Ishmael will father twelve princes. Genesis lists twelve sons of Ishmael, and later texts name Arab peoples linked with him.
When: Genesis (traditionally c. 1900 BC).
Editorial note by BibleWay. Interpretations vary; dates are approximate scholarly estimates.